Indonesia one of several country where located at South East Asia, between 2 oceans and 2 continents, moreover the Equator line go trough this archipelagos country. Besides its strategist position, it also has several potential disaster which always shadowing from behind. Why those can happen and how Indonesian government try to mitigate them.
In this presentation, I would like to divide this topic become three big parts. Firstly, we need to know what is relation between Indonesia and disaster potential, why this important. Secondly, the reason behind and how big the impact influence Indonesia. And lastly is how Indonesian government attempt to manage the disaster potential.
Besides Indonesia has strategist position at world globe, but it also part of Pacific Rong of Fire. Its mean that, Indonesian territory has 127 active volcano and to be honest, these equal with 13 % volcano over the world. That is the best reason why Indonesia has many potential disaster do to volcano eruption.
Indonesia also has interconnection between four tectonic plates, such as: Asia continent, Australia continent, Hindia ocean and Pacific ocean. These causes high potential of earth quake and following by stunami, like in Aceh at 2004.
Do to the potential disaster from volcano and earth quake, also following by other potential disaster like landslide, flood and tsunami, so is not mistaken if we call that Indonesia is kingdom of disaster. And the bad news that disaster can happen any time and any where like a time bomb.
There are two reason why disaster can happen; first is because natural hazard and second is because man-made hazard. Furthermore, Indonesia very consent about man-made hazard, because this one is more possibly mitigate than the first one.
Definitely when disaster occur, always bring a massive impact and also sad story because its destruction can create a big damage among entire territory. People dying, who still alive become refugees and displacment. Disaster location so potential become epidemic and if relief operation come late, it will cause social conflict between victim.
This is the important part, how to mitigate the disaster it self. The first one, we should to avoid the human-made hazard. Government have to create regulation for every citizen or company which have influence to environment. Next is give information and knowledge to all citizen about potential disaster and how to commit emergency action when disaster happen.
Of course government has responsibility to manage all of preventive and recovery actions, start from local until central government. Actually Indonesian government already has department which main role to manage potential disaster. At National scope we have BNPB and for local scope we have BPBD. But there are still need more improvement in many sector.
TNI (Indonesian Armed Forces) has significant role in disaster recovery phase, because BNPB/BPBD have limited members to take disaster on, so military will help them. The problem is military can not action automatically when disaster occur, but need to wait until BNPB/BPND send request for helping them, because we use doctrine; "Civil lead-Military Assist". Even though in reality during the disaster recovery action, military almost always become leader because its capability and experience. So, to make sure the operation will take on successfully, continuity training and joint operation between civil and military have to conduct periodically and improve time by time, abd also well equipment from Indonesian government.
In conclusions that, Indonesia has many potential disaster with certainty. Quicker the response, more people will be saved. But, all of that need comprehensive coordination between civil and military organization. Indonesian need to build opinion that disaster can happen any time and any where, so always prepare and ready to action when its come. Lastly, do not forget to set all preparation ready in training and equipment.
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